8/8/2023 0 Comments Spike protein mrna![]() Because of the profound implications of information/ misinformation sharing through these platforms, the situation has come to a point wherein experts cannot weigh their opinion on such a crucial topic. More so, in a space where public expression is meant to be the key. The incident, however, highlights how the lack of accurate information around several theories is blurring the line between facts and misinformation. Twitter marking it as misinformation is hence, not a completely baseless move. Note that Luigi's tweet claimed that people vaccinated with mRNA-based vaccines shed spike proteins, an idea that has repeatedly been rejected by scientists from around the world. Though that still means that he will be locked out of his Twitter account until Twitter reviews the appeal. Luigi could appeal for the said violation being a mistake, and he did. Though it was not specified which rules were violated by the tweet, it is likely that the content was marked for misinformation. ![]() A report on the tweet left Luigi with only an option of deleting it for violating Twitter Rules. They added microscopic beads covered in antibodies to blood plasma from 37 people. We are left with several hypotheses and more questions, but with a clear direction.The appeal was to contest Twitter's decision to block the content from public view. The researchers searched for the spike protein by using a technique designed for identifying individual proteins. Indeed, presence of viral proteins has been associated with hyperinflammatory responses such as in severe COVID-19 or the notorious multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Given myocarditis also occurs after other vaccines, it is likely that the presence of circulating spike is a biomarker rather than the causal agent. ![]() The implications of this finding are unclear, since it is yet unknown how the spike protein evades cleavage or clearance, especially in the setting of a normal adaptive immune response, or whether in itself is pathogenic. Patients who developed postvaccine myocarditis had persistently elevated free spike protein in circulation, which correlated with evidence of cardiac injury and inflammatory cytokines. In summary, the data show that adaptive and T-cell immunity responses were normal in recipients of mRNA vaccines, both with and without myocarditis. The investigators used a thorough approach in teasing out the various aspects that could underlie vaccine-induced myocarditis. This is a great example of a study with mostly negative findings which are, however, insightful. However, inflammatory cytokine levels were altered, with elevations in interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-10, interferon-gamma and IL-1-beta, reflecting innate inflammatory activation. There were no differences in antibody levels (anti-spike, anti-receptor binding protein, immunoglobulin M, IgG, IgA, or anti-Fc), auto-antibodies, or antibodies to common respiratory pathogens. With regard to T-cell responses, there were no major differences in various T-cell subsets (effector, effector memory, spike-specific, interferon-gamma and degranulating). Levels of free spike did not differ between males and females, and remained elevated for weeks in a subset of patients with repeated blood collections. Levels of full-length spike protein (33.9 ± 22.4 pg/mL), unbound by antibodies were markedly elevated in the plasma of individuals with postvaccine myocarditis, whereas no free spike was detected in asymptomatic vaccinated control subjects (unpaired t-test p < 0.0001). This is a molecule that the cell uses to deliver instructions when building proteins. Total neutrophil count was higher in patients with myocarditis compared to those without, albeit remaining in the normal range. The Moderna vaccine places the blueprint for the spike protein in something called messenger RNA (mRNA). All patients had elevated cardiac troponin T levels (median 260 ng/L) and C-reactive protein levels (29.75 mg/L). The cohort of myocarditis patients consisted of mostly males (n = 13 of 16) who experienced myocarditis after the second dose (n = 12 of 16), within the first week after vaccination (median of 4 days). ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |